ngộ biện
Definition
- Noun (Philosophy / Logic):
- Paralogism: An incorrect or fallacious argument, especially one that is unintentionally invalid due to a logical error in its reasoning or structure. It is a mistake in deduction, not necessarily made in bad faith.
- Sophism (in a specific, erroneous sense): A subtly deceptive or false argument. While often used interchangeably with "sophism," "ngộ biện" typically emphasizes an unintentional logical mistake rather than a deliberate trick.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- Lập luận của anh ta là một ngộ biện điển hình. (His argument is a typical paralogism.)
- Cần phân biệt giữa ngụy biện (cố ý) và ngộ biện (vô ý). (One must distinguish between sophism (intentional) and paralogism (unintentional).)
- Kết luận đó dựa trên một ngộ biện, không phải trên lý lẽ chặt chẽ. (That conclusion is based on a paralogism, not on sound reasoning.)
Advanced Usage
- In academic philosophy and critical thinking, identifying a "ngộ biện" involves analyzing the logical form of an argument to find where the deduction fails, such as an error in syllogistic reasoning.
Variants and Related Words
- Ngụy biện (n): Sophism; a fallacious argument used deliberately to deceive.
- Lỗi logic (n): Logical fallacy; a broader term for any error in reasoning.
- Suy luận sai (n): Incorrect reasoning.
Synonyms
- Paralogism
- Fallacious argument
- Logical fallacy (in a general sense)
- Deductive error
Related Concepts
- Non sequitur: A conclusion that does not logically follow from the premises.
- Formal fallacy: An error in the logical structure of an argument, which is the core idea of a "ngộ biện."